Hazard Identification

The Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) process is crucial for ensuring a safe and healthy working environment. This guideline aims to assist in identifying and managing various hazards based on their sources.

The listing of hazards is based on their source to facilitate targeted and effective risk mitigation actions.

List of identified hazard main category

• Work Environment (A)
• Energy (B)
• Mechanical (C)
• Machinery (D)
• Handtool (powered & manual) (E)
• Ergonomic in manual handling (F)
• Chemical (G)
• Biology (H)
• Environmental / Natural event / Disaster (I)
• Property (J)
• Radiation (k)
• Major Event (L)
• Animal / insects (M)
• Psychosocial / Psychological (N)
• Gas (O)
• Others (P)

Source of Hazard

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1. Work Environment:

Evaluate the workplace surroundings for potential hazards such as poor lighting, extreme temperatures, noise, and inadequate ventilation

• Inadequate access (A1)
• Air-conditioning (A2)
• Confined space (A3)
• Ergonomics (A4)
• Extreme Hot Temp (A5)
• Extreme Cold Temp (A6)
• Heat (inc. fire, flames) (A7)
• Cold (A8)
• Lighting (A9)
• Mental stress (A10)
• Dehydration (A11)
• Falls, trips, slips etc. (A12)
• Falling objects (A13)
• Hit by moving parts (A14)
• Explosion (A15)
• Penetrating objects (A16)
• Work at height (A17)
• Oxy-acetylene cutting/soldering (A18)
• Vibration (A19)
• Pressure - pneumatic, hydraulic (A20)
• Acoustic/Noise (A21)
• Excavation (A22)
• Night shift working (A23)
• Dust (A24)
• Other work environment (A25)

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2. Energy:

   Identify hazards related to various forms of energy, including electrical, thermal, and kinetic energy

   • Electrical (B1)
   • Gravity (B2)
   • Kinetic (motion) (B3)
   • Thermal (from heat or cold) (B4)
   • Pneumatic and Hydraulic (B5)
   • Chemical / gases (B6)
   • Flammable (B7)
   • Magnetic fields (B8)
   • Other energy (B9)

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3. Mechanical:

   Assess risks associated with mechanical systems and components within the workplace

   • Vehicle (C1)
   • Mobile and fixed equipment (C2)
   • Powered tools (C3)
   • Non-powered tools (C4)
   • Compressed air (C5)
   • Welding equipment (C6)
   • Lifting equipment (C7)
   • Hot pipes (C8)
   • Other mechanical (C9)

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4. Machinery:

   Identify and evaluate the potential hazards posed by machinery, including moving parts and operational processes

   • Backhoe (D1)
   • Excavator (D2)
   • Moving parts (D3)
   • Rotation parts (D4)
   • Piling (D5)
   • Grinding (D6)
   • Electricity (D7)
   • Crane (D8)
   • Vessel (D9)
   • Other machinery (D10)

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5. Handtools (Powered & Manual):

   Consider the risks associated with both powered and manual hand tools, focusing on point of exposure and potential injury sources.

   • electrocution (E1)
   • ejections (E2)
   • drawning in (E3)
   • entanglement (E4)
   • cutting (E5)
   • shearing (E6)
   • flying object (E7)
   • stubbing and puncturing (E8)
   • Friction and abrasion (E9)
   • impact (E10)
   • noise (E11)
   • falling object (E12)
   • Others (E13)

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6. Ergonomic in Manual Handling:

   Address ergonomic hazards related to manual handling activities, including lifting, carrying, and repetitive tasks.

   • Part of body bend (F1)
   • Part of body twist (F2)
   • Stretch / forcing part of the body (F3)
   • Over-reach (F4)
   • Overexertion (F5)
   • Awkward position (F6)
   • Long time period of task (F7)
   • Handle heavy objects (F8)
   • Repetition / Rapid task (F9)
   • Multiple range of motion or exposure (F10)
   • Other ergonomics issue (F11)

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7. Chemical:

   Identify and assess risks associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals, including storage, handling, and disposal.

   • Direct contact (G1)
   • Entry into human body (G2)
   • Inhalation (G3)
   • skin absorption (G4)
   • Ingestion (G5)
   • flammable (G6)
   • vapour (G7)
   • Carcinogenic substances (G8)
   • Other chemicals (G9)

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8. Biological:

   Evaluate potential biological hazards, including exposure to pathogens, bacteria, and other microorganisms.

   • Infection (H1)
   • Weather (H2)
   • Facility design (H3)
   • Individual health (H4)
   • Social (H5)
   • Food (H6)
   • Parasite(s) (H7)
   • Virus(es) (H8)
   • Fungi (H9)
   • Bacteria (H10)
   • insects (H11)
   blood-borne pathogens (H12)
   • Other biological disease (H13)

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9. Environmental / Natural Event / Disaster:

   Assess risks related to environmental factors, natural events, or disasters that could impact the workplace.

   • Flood (I1)
   • Earthquake (I2)
   • Landslides (I3)
   • Weather (I4)
   • Extreme high temperature (I5)
   • Lightning (I6)
   • Strong Wind (I7)
   • Typhoon (I8)
   • Raining (I9)
   • Other disaster (I10)

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10. Property:

    Identify hazards related to the physical structure of the workplace, including building integrity and maintenance.

    • Fire (J1)
    • Explosion (J2)
    • Falling (J3)
    • Building collapse (J4)
    • Leaking (in any form) (J5)
    • Other property incident (J6)

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11. Radiation:

    Evaluate potential hazards associated with exposure to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation sources.

    • Direct ionizing - beta (K1)
    • Indirect ionizing - gamma (K2)
    • Indirect ionizing - Charged nuclei (K3)
    • Indirect ionizing -Neutrons (K4)
    • Other ionizing radiation hazard (K5)
    • Other type of radiation (K6)

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12. Major Event:

    Assess risks related to major events, such as fire, explosions, or other catastrophic incidents.

    • Bomb threat (L1)
    • Terrorist (L2)
    • Criminal (L3)
    • Riot (L4)
    • Other major events (L5)

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13. Animal/Insects:

    Identify and manage hazards related to the presence of animals or insects in the workplace.

    • Infection from animal (M1)
    • diseases of pests (M2)
    • Animals and allergies (M3)
    • Bite, attacked or other injuries (M4)
    • Other hazard from animal (M5)

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14. Psychosocial / Psychological:

    Assess psychological and social factors that may contribute to workplace stress or mental health issues.

    • Stress (N1)
    • Violence (N2)
    • Discrimination (N3)
    • Harassment (N4)
    • Bully (N5)
    • overwork/burnout (N6)
    • Undetermined factor (N7)
    • hypertension (N8)
    • Lone-working (N9)
    • Other psychosocial hazards (N10)

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15. Gas:

    Identify and manage hazards associated with the presence of gases, including flammable or toxic gases.

    • Carbon monoxide poisoning (O1)
    • Gas leaks (O2)
    • High pressure (O3)
    • Asphyxiation (O4)
    • Toxicity (O5)
    • Corrosivity (O6)
    • Other gas hazard (O7)

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16. Others:

    Consider any other potential hazards specific to the industry or workplace not covered by the above categories.

    • Second world war bomb threat (P1)
    • Cyber security (P2)
    • Supernatural workplace (haunted) (P3)
    • Others (P4)

Onsite Assessment

The identification of various hazards is structured as above is around the main categories listed. During the onsite workplace assessment, utilize specific Hazard provided ID codes associated with each main category to record identified hazards systematically.

These recorded Hazard IDs will later be seamlessly transferred to the HIRARC template during the reporting process, ensuring a comprehensive and organized approach to risk assessment and control measures in the workplace.

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